3 research outputs found
Superior Exploration-Exploitation Balance with Quantum-Inspired Hadamard Walks
This paper extends the analogies employed in the development of
quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithms by proposing quantum-inspired Hadamard
walks, called QHW. A novel quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithm, called
HQEA, for solving combinatorial optimization problems, is also proposed. The
novelty of HQEA lies in it's incorporation of QHW Remote Search and QHW Local
Search - the quantum equivalents of classical mutation and local search, that
this paper defines. The intuitive reasoning behind this approach, and the
exploration-exploitation balance thus occurring is explained. From the results
of the experiments carried out on the 0,1-knapsack problem, HQEA performs
significantly better than a conventional genetic algorithm, CGA, and two
quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithms - QEA and NQEA, in terms of
convergence speed and accuracy.Comment: 2 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, late-breakin
Imaging biomarkers for DMD
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Center for Computational Engineering, Computation for Design and Optimization Program, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 75-78).Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common muscular dystrophy of childhood and affects 1 in 3600 male births. The disease is caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene leading to progressive muscle weakness which ultimately results in death due to respiratory and cardiac failure. Accurate, practical, and painless tests to diagnose DMD and measure disease progression are needed in order to test the effectiveness of new therapies. Current clinical outcome measures such as the sixminute walk test and North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA) can be subjective and limited by the patient's degree of effort and cannot be accurately performed in the very young or severely affected older patients. We propose the use of image-based biomarkers with suitable machine learning algorithms instead. We find that force-controlled (precise acquisition at a certain force) and force-correlated (acquisition over a force sweep) ultrasound helps to reduce variability in the imaging process. We show that there is a high degree of inter-operator and intra-operator reliability with this integrated hardware-software setup. We also discuss how other imaging biomarkers, segmentation algorithms to target specific subregions, and better machine learning techniques may provide a boost to the performance reported. Optimizing the ultrasound image acquisition process by maximizing the peak discriminatory power of the images vis-Ã -vis force applied at the contact force is also discussed. The techniques presented here have the potential for providing a reliable and non-invasive method to discriminate, and eventually track the progression of DMD in patients.by Sisir Koppaka.S.M